Fórum Ubuntu CZ/SK
Ubuntu pro osobní počítače => Obecná podpora => Téma založeno: jeezaa 03 Června 2010, 16:20:47
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Ahoj,
potreboval bych poradit s jednou veci ohledne reinstalace zavadece po nainstalovani windows.
Na notasu jsem mel dualboot Ubuntu 8.04 a Win Vista vyreseni pomoci grubu.
Nedavno jsem ale misto Vist nainstaloval Windows XP, ktere mi premazaly MBR a tedka hned po zapnuti notebooku se najede do windowsu.
Kdyz nabootuji z nejakeho LiveCD (pouzivam LiveCD Ubuntu 8.04), v "places" se mi zobrazi obe partisny - s ubuntu i s windowsama, ale kdyz spustim nejakou utilitu, treba partition editora, cely disk se mi zobrazi jako unalocated.
Ovsem kdyz mountu jednotlivy oddily, zobrazi se mi korrektne jejich obsah.
Prikaz "fdisk -l" mi vyhodi toto:
omitting empty partition (5)
Disk /dev/sda: 160.0 GB, 160041885696 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 19457 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xce9be34b
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 10977 88172721 7 HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sda2 10978 18234 58291852+ 5 Extended
/dev/sda3 18104 18234 1052226 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda4 18235 19255 8187904 7 HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sda5 10979 18103 57231531 83 Linux
Kde sda1 je oddil s windowsem, sda5 s ubuntu, zbytek je swap, windows recovery..
Zkousel jsem neco jako:
sudo grub
grub> root (hd0,5)
grub> setup (hd0)
setup (hd0)
Checking if "/boot/grub/stage1" exists... yes
Checking if "/boot/grub/stage2" exists... yes
Checking if "/boot/grub/e2fs_stage1_5" exists... yes
Running "embed /boot/grub/e2fs_stage1_5 (hd0)"... 16 sectors are embedded.
succeeded
Running "install /boot/grub/stage1 (hd0) (hd0)1+16 p (hd0,5)/boot/grub/stage2 /boot/grub/menu.lst"... failed
Error 22: No such partition
Obsah menu.lst jsem zkousel zakomentovat ale ani to nepomohlo, obsah menu.lst kdyztak kopnu sem:
http://pastebin.org/303120
Ani grub-install nepomaha, i presto ze predtim mountnu oddil s linuxem a presmeruju root directory na slozku, do ktere jsem ho mountnul
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo mount /dev/sda5 /mnt
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo grub-install --root-directory=/mnt /dev/hda
Vzdycky to vyhodi:
/dev/hda does not have any corresponding BIOS drive.
Nevim uz co s tim, zkousel jsem hledat, ale zatim sem nenasel nic prinosnyho.
Popripade bych to i reinstaloval, ale mam strach, ze kdyz mi to v partition editoru hlasi, ze cely disk je "unallocated", ze mi i instalacka bude chtit premazat cely disk.
Mohl by nekdo prosim poradit, kde mam chybu, nebo co by mi mohlo pomoci?
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pozeral si sa na wiki? http://wiki.ubuntu.cz/GRUB/Obnova
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pozeral si sa na wiki? http://wiki.ubuntu.cz/GRUB/Obnova
Ahoj,
koukal jsem tam.
U navodu s pouzitim programu grub mi prikaz setup vyhazoval hlasku, ze se cteni stage1,2 a menu.lst nepovedlo.
U grub-install a chroot mi to hazi chyby s biosem na disku nebo spatny system (zkousel jsem pro /dev/hda a /dev/sda)
Tedka jdu vyzkouset super grub.
Jinak zkusil jsem jen tak letmo projet instalacku ubuntu a u nastavovani oddilu, do ktereho se linux ma nainstalovat, mi to vyhodilo jen samotnej disk, nevypsalo to zadne oddily.
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Zkousel jsem tedka nejaky Grub Rescue Disk, pomoci nej jsem se dostal do Ubuntu.
Da se tedka nejak jednodusse opravit grub? Nebo ho reinstalovat..?
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(hd0,5) opravdu neexistuje, protože sda5 = (hd0,4).
hda opravdu neexistuje, máš tam pouze sda.
Pokud si nejsi jistý, co dělat, pošli výpis boot_info_script (http://wiki.ubuntu.cz/boot_info_script).
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To (hd0,5) mi vyhodil grub po prikazu:
find /boot/grub/stage1
Pro (hd0,4) mi to vyhodi toto:
grub> root (hd0,4)
root (hd0,4)
grub> setup (hd0)
setup (hd0)
Error 17: Cannot mount selected partition
boot_info_script:
Boot Info Script 0.55 dated February 15th, 2010
============================= Boot Info Summary: ==============================
=> Windows is installed in the MBR of /dev/sda
sda1: _________________________________________________________________________
File system: ntfs
Boot sector type: Windows XP
Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block.
Operating System: Windows XP
Boot files/dirs: /boot.ini /ntldr /NTDETECT.COM
sda2: _________________________________________________________________________
File system: Extended Partition
Boot sector type: -
Boot sector info:
sda5: _________________________________________________________________________
File system: ext3
Boot sector type: -
Boot sector info:
Operating System: Ubuntu 8.10
Boot files/dirs: /boot/grub/menu.lst /etc/fstab
sda3: _________________________________________________________________________
File system: swap
Boot sector type: -
Boot sector info:
sda4: _________________________________________________________________________
File system: ntfs
Boot sector type: Windows XP
Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block.
Operating System:
Boot files/dirs: /boot.ini /bootmgr /Boot/BCD /ntldr /NTDETECT.COM
=========================== Drive/Partition Info: =============================
Drive: sda ___________________ _____________________________________________________
Disk /dev/sda: 160.0 GB, 160041885696 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 19457 cylinders, total 312581808 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xce9be34b
Partition Boot Start End Size Id System
/dev/sda1 * 63 176,345,504 176,345,442 7 HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sda2 176,345,505 292,929,209 116,583,705 5 Extended
Extended partition linking to another extended partition
/dev/sda5 176,361,633 290,824,694 114,463,062 83 Linux
/dev/sda3 290,824,758 292,929,209 2,104,452 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda4 292,941,824 309,317,631 16,375,808 7 HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sda2 overlaps with /dev/sda3
blkid -c /dev/null: ____________________________________________________________
Device UUID TYPE LABEL
/dev/sda1 0440C8EC40C8E590 ntfs
/dev/sda3 4a7e57f9-d01e-4fcc-904f-ae4e4d3aa939 swap
/dev/sda4 6868877E688749B0 ntfs HP_RECOVERY
/dev/sda5 53342fe7-63b3-4812-8efb-d2aa58294c0c ext3
============================ "mount | grep ^/dev output: ===========================
Device Mount_Point Type Options
/dev/sda5 / ext3 (rw,relatime,errors=remount-ro)
/dev/scd0 /media/cdrom0 iso9660 (rw,nosuid,nodev,utf8,user=cenda)
================================ sda1/boot.ini: ================================
[boot loader]
timeout=30
default=multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\WINDOWS
[operating systems]
multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\WINDOWS="Microsoft Windows XP Home Edition" /noexecute=optin /fastdetect /usepmtimer
=========================== sda5/boot/grub/menu.lst: ===========================
# menu.lst - See: grub(8), info grub, update-grub(8)
# grub-install(8), grub-floppy(8),
# grub-md5-crypt, /usr/share/doc/grub
# and /usr/share/doc/grub-doc/.
## default num
# Set the default entry to the entry number NUM. Numbering starts from 0, and
# the entry number 0 is the default if the command is not used.
#
# You can specify 'saved' instead of a number. In this case, the default entry
# is the entry saved with the command 'savedefault'.
# WARNING: If you are using dmraid do not use 'savedefault' or your
# array will desync and will not let you boot your system.
default 0
## timeout sec
# Set a timeout, in SEC seconds, before automatically booting the default entry
# (normally the first entry defined).
timeout 10
## hiddenmenu
# Hides the menu by default (press ESC to see the menu)
#hiddenmenu
# Pretty colours
#color cyan/blue white/blue
## password ['--md5'] passwd
# If used in the first section of a menu file, disable all interactive editing
# control (menu entry editor and command-line) and entries protected by the
# command 'lock'
# e.g. password topsecret
# password --md5 $1$gLhU0/$aW78kHK1QfV3P2b2znUoe/
# password topsecret
#
# examples
#
# title Windows 95/98/NT/2000
# root (hd0,0)
# makeactive
# chainloader +1
#
# title Linux
# root (hd0,1)
# kernel /vmlinuz root=/dev/hda2 ro
#
#
# Put static boot stanzas before and/or after AUTOMAGIC KERNEL LIST
### BEGIN AUTOMAGIC KERNELS LIST
## lines between the AUTOMAGIC KERNELS LIST markers will be modified
## by the debian update-grub script except for the default options below
## DO NOT UNCOMMENT THEM, Just edit them to your needs
## ## Start Default Options ##
## default kernel options
## default kernel options for automagic boot options
## If you want special options for specific kernels use kopt_x_y_z
## where x.y.z is kernel version. Minor versions can be omitted.
## e.g. kopt=root=/dev/hda1 ro
## kopt_2_6_8=root=/dev/hdc1 ro
## kopt_2_6_8_2_686=root=/dev/hdc2 ro
# kopt=root=UUID=53342fe7-63b3-4812-8efb-d2aa58294c0c ro
## default grub root device
## e.g. groot=(hd0,0)
# groot=53342fe7-63b3-4812-8efb-d2aa58294c0c
## should update-grub create alternative automagic boot options
## e.g. alternative=true
## alternative=false
# alternative=true
## should update-grub lock alternative automagic boot options
## e.g. lockalternative=true
## lockalternative=false
# lockalternative=false
## additional options to use with the default boot option, but not with the
## alternatives
## e.g. defoptions=vga=791 resume=/dev/hda5
# defoptions=quiet splash
## should update-grub lock old automagic boot options
## e.g. lockold=false
## lockold=true
# lockold=false
## Xen hypervisor options to use with the default Xen boot option
# xenhopt=
## Xen Linux kernel options to use with the default Xen boot option
# xenkopt=console=tty0
## altoption boot targets option
## multiple altoptions lines are allowed
## e.g. altoptions=(extra menu suffix) extra boot options
## altoptions=(recovery) single
# altoptions=(recovery mode) single
## controls how many kernels should be put into the menu.lst
## only counts the first occurence of a kernel, not the
## alternative kernel options
## e.g. howmany=all
## howmany=7
# howmany=all
## should update-grub create memtest86 boot option
## e.g. memtest86=true
## memtest86=false
# memtest86=true
## should update-grub adjust the value of the default booted system
## can be true or false
# updatedefaultentry=false
## should update-grub add savedefault to the default options
## can be true or false
# savedefault=false
## ## End Default Options ##
#title Ubuntu 8.10, kernel 2.6.27-17-generic
#uuid 53342fe7-63b3-4812-8efb-d2aa58294c0c
#kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.27-17-generic root=UUID=53342fe7-63b3-4812-8efb-d2aa58294c0c ro quiet splash
#initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.27-17-generic
#quiet
#title Ubuntu 8.10, kernel 2.6.27-17-generic (recovery mode)
#uuid 53342fe7-63b3-4812-8efb-d2aa58294c0c
#kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.27-17-generic root=UUID=53342fe7-63b3-4812-8efb-d2aa58294c0c ro single
#initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.27-17-generic
#title Ubuntu 8.10, kernel 2.6.27-16-generic
#uuid 53342fe7-63b3-4812-8efb-d2aa58294c0c
#kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.27-16-generic root=UUID=53342fe7-63b3-4812-8efb-d2aa58294c0c ro quiet splash
#initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.27-16-generic
#quiet
#title Ubuntu 8.10, kernel 2.6.27-16-generic (recovery mode)
#uuid 53342fe7-63b3-4812-8efb-d2aa58294c0c
#kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.27-16-generic root=UUID=53342fe7-63b3-4812-8efb-d2aa58294c0c ro single
#initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.27-16-generic
#title Ubuntu 8.10, kernel 2.6.27-14-generic
#uuid 53342fe7-63b3-4812-8efb-d2aa58294c0c
#kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.27-14-generic root=UUID=53342fe7-63b3-4812-8efb-d2aa58294c0c ro quiet splash
#initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.27-14-generic
#quiet
#title Ubuntu 8.10, kernel 2.6.27-14-generic (recovery mode)
#uuid 53342fe7-63b3-4812-8efb-d2aa58294c0c
#kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.27-14-generic root=UUID=53342fe7-63b3-4812-8efb-d2aa58294c0c ro single
#initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.27-14-generic
#title Ubuntu 8.10, kernel 2.6.27-7-generic
#uuid 53342fe7-63b3-4812-8efb-d2aa58294c0c
kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.27-7-generic root=UUID=53342fe7-63b3-4812-8efb-d2aa58294c0c ro quiet splash
#initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.27-7-generic
#quiet
#title Ubuntu 8.10, kernel 2.6.27-7-generic (recovery mode)
#uuid 53342fe7-63b3-4812-8efb-d2aa58294c0c
#kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.27-7-generic root=UUID=53342fe7-63b3-4812-8efb-d2aa58294c0c ro single
#initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.27-7-generic
#title Ubuntu 8.10, memtest86+
#uuid 53342fe7-63b3-4812-8efb-d2aa58294c0c
#kernel /boot/memtest86+.bin
#quiet
### END DEBIAN AUTOMAGIC KERNELS LIST
# This is a divider, added to separate the menu items below from the Debian
# ones.
#title Other operating systems:
#root
# This entry automatically added by the Debian installer for a non-linux OS
# on /dev/sda2
#title Windows Vista/Longhorn (loader)
#root (hd0,1)
#savedefault
#makeactive
#chainloader +1
=============================== sda5/etc/fstab: ===============================
# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
proc /proc proc defaults 0 0
# /dev/sda6
UUID=53342fe7-63b3-4812-8efb-d2aa58294c0c / ext3 relatime,errors=remount-ro 0 1
# /dev/sda5
UUID=4a7e57f9-d01e-4fcc-904f-ae4e4d3aa939 none swap sw 0 0
/dev/scd0 /media/cdrom0 udf,iso9660 user,noauto,exec,utf8 0 0
=================== sda5: Location of files loaded by Grub: ===================
144.2GB: boot/grub/menu.lst
144.2GB: boot/grub/stage2
103.6GB: boot/initrd.img-2.6.27-14-generic
94.6GB: boot/initrd.img-2.6.27-16-generic
145.1GB: boot/initrd.img-2.6.27-17-generic
103.7GB: boot/initrd.img-2.6.27-7-generic
103.6GB: boot/vmlinuz-2.6.27-14-generic
124.6GB: boot/vmlinuz-2.6.27-16-generic
144.3GB: boot/vmlinuz-2.6.27-17-generic
103.6GB: boot/vmlinuz-2.6.27-7-generic
145.1GB: initrd.img
94.6GB: initrd.img.old
144.3GB: vmlinuz
124.6GB: vmlinuz.old
================================ sda4/boot.ini: ================================
[boot loader]
timeout=30
default=multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\WINDOWS
[operating systems]
multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\WINDOWS="Microsoft Windows XP Home Edition" /noexecute=optin /fastdetect
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/dev/sda1 * 63 176,345,504 176,345,442 7 HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sda2 176,345,505 292,929,209 116,583,705 5 Extended
Extended partition linking to another extended partition
/dev/sda5 176,361,633 290,824,694 114,463,062 83 Linux
/dev/sda3 290,824,758 292,929,209 2,104,452 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda4 292,941,824 309,317,631 16,375,808 7 HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sda2 overlaps with /dev/sda3
sda2 a sda3 se překrývají. To GParted/Editor diskových oddílů (http://wiki.ubuntu.cz/GParted) a patrně i Grub nezkousnou. Čím/jak jsi ty oddíly dělal?
Bylo by potřeba udělat zgruntu znova oddíly sda2,3,5. Zásada přitom je, že můžeš mít jen jeden extended oddíl, a v rámci něj pouze logické oddíly (ne primární).
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Oddily jsem delal asi pred pul rokem pomoci GParted v LiveCD ubuntu...
Do chvile, nez jsem dostal napad preinstalovat windowsy jelo vsechno bez problemu.
Az po instalaci XPcek to zacalo zlobit.
Neni jeste jina moznost, nez znova vytvaret oddily?
Treba nejaka moznost, jak jednotlive oddily zkratit/posunout na spravnou pozici?
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Ale jo, ale jelikož ti gParted nefunguje, tak připadají v úvahu nástroje typu (s)fdisk, ale osobně neznám nikoho, kdo by si troufnul ti takto na dálku radit, jak pomocí nich upravovat oddíly bez ztráty všech dat :P
I když teoreticky by mělo stačitsudo fdisk /dev/sdaa potom použít příkaz d pro smazání oddílů sda2,3,5 (z LiveCD). Následně w (write) a quit. Pak už by měl fungovat i gParted. Ale je to velmi riskantní, radši to nedělej, můžeš přijít o všechna data na disku... ;)
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;D Alespon poradna vyzva...
Ted uz mam pristup do linuxu, pomoci toho Rescue Grubu, takze si nekam zazalohuji data a zkusim jeste nahodit Lilo, jestli to s nim nebude jiny. A nekdy, az
bude trochu volneji, tak to tu cely smazu a vsechno nainstaluji od znova a lepe.
Diky za rady.
Preji hezky zbytek dne :)
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imho by melo stacit smazat sda3 a vytvorit swap znovu, ale jeho oznaceni by melo byt nasledne sda6 (a u toho pokud mozno zachovat UUID a nastavit stejne jak bylo, nebo nasledne opravovat fstab a initrd)
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Nechcem zakladat novu temu,som uplna lama v linuxe(az na to,ze som parkrat skusal live ubuntu).Dnes som si stiahol ubuntu 10 a nainstaloval do compu,kde uz bol windows xp.V pc mam 3 disky,jeden je rozdeleny este na 3 particie-na jednej particii mam windows,na druhej dnes nainstalovany ubuntu a na tretej zalohu windows+swap linuxu.Ostatne 2 disky mam na subory.Problem je,ze sa nijako nedostanem do linuxu,vzdy mi nabehne windows,takze ziaden grub.A vo windows ohladom spustania mam toto-[boot loader]
timeout=30
default=multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\WINDOWS
[operating systems]
multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\WINDOWS="Microsoft Windows XP Professional" /noexecute=optin /fastdetect
Neda sa to niejako prepisat,aby som mal volbu spustit windows,alebo linux?Alebo je aj niejaka ina moznost?
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Určitě to jde. Potřebujeme vědět, z kterého disku máš nastaveno v BIOSu primární bootování, a pokud možno přidej výpis z boot_info_script (http://wiki.ubuntu.cz/boot_info_script)u.
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Diky,trocha som postudoval,zatial sa mi to podarilo cez live cd grub,takze niejako to uz pôjde.